New report: potential DSO models for Aotearoa.

News 07 May 2025

We’ve just published a new report that explores potential Distribution System Operation (DSO) models for Aotearoa.

It sets out possible paths for how DSO could evolve here in Aotearoa and raises the key questions we’ll all need to grapple with as DER (like EV chargers, batteries and solar) continue to take off.  

The work was led by the Future Networks Forum (a collaboration of lines companies) and developed by the experts at Baringa. It looks at three potential models:  

  1. Total Transmission System Operation (TSO). TSO’s current role is expanded to include distribution network demand/generation optimisation. 
  2. Total Distribution System Operation (DSO) EDB expands its role, with DSO dispatching all local resources and providing a residual demand or supply curve to the TSO.
  3. Hybrid between 1 & 2. TSO and DSO share capabilities and responsibilities in some way. 

It's timely because the Electricity Authority is planning a major consultation on Future System Operation (FSO) later this year. We hope this paper will be a useful resource for anyone preparing a submission — whether you're a lines company, retailer, aggregator, or just passionate about how the energy system works.

The report is available in our publications section here: Potential DSO models for Aotearoa.